初二英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)(3)

　　四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的選擇疑問(wèn)句中易忽視or后用現(xiàn)在分詞形式

　　例：孩子們?cè)谂苓�是在跳?

　　Are the children running or jump?

　　答案：Are the children running or jumping?

　　解析: or連接的是兩個(gè)并列成分，動(dòng)詞形式須一致。

　　過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

　　其結(jié)構(gòu)是助動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去形式was/were +v-ing.

　　其句式變化仍然要在be上做文章。E.g. We were working in class.

　　We weren’t working in class. Were you working in class?

　　1) 概念：表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作。

　　E.g. They were playing football at ten o’clock yesterday morning.

　　My mother was cooking when I got home.

　　I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday.

　　2) 過(guò)去某階段持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 What were you doing during the holiday? 另外，在復(fù)合句中，若主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句都可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)e.g. Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.

　　3) 常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

　　過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常與過(guò)去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如 last night, at that time, at noon yesterday, last Sunday 等。 也有時(shí)沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，要通過(guò)上下文的暗示來(lái)確定用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knew what he was working for.

　　My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.

　　It was raining when they left the station.

　　When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.

　　典型例題

　　1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

　　A. made　 B. is making　 C. was making　 D. makes

　　答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)。同　時(shí)，when表時(shí)間的同時(shí)性，"瑪麗在做衣服時(shí)"提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

　　2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.

　　read; was falling　B. was reading; fell　C. was reading; was falling　D. read;fell

　　答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當(dāng)……之時(shí)"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí)，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行;一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。句意為 "在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell (fall的過(guò)去時(shí))，是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。

　　做題時(shí)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤如下：

　　一、易把be+現(xiàn)在分詞記成be+過(guò)去分詞

　　例：He was talked (talk) to his mum at that time.

　　答案：was talking

　　解析：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)上的區(qū)別體現(xiàn)在be動(dòng)詞上。

　　二、丟掉be動(dòng)詞或忘記把動(dòng)詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞

　　例：1 I watching (watch) TV when he came in.

　　2 They were play (play) games at 5:00 p.m. yesterday.

　　答案：1 was watching 2 were playing

　　解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中“be+現(xiàn)在分詞,缺一不可”的規(guī)律也可應(yīng)用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

　　三、對(duì)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組提問(wèn)時(shí)丟掉doing

　　例：We were flying kites at 5:00 p.m. yesterday. (對(duì)劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))

　　What were you at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?

　　答案：What were you doing at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?

　　解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中“What……doing……”?句式同樣適用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

　　四、易與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)弄混